Checkmate with two knights2/11/2023 ![]() The winning plan, quite difficult to execute in practice, is to blockade the enemy pawn(s) with one of the knights, maneuver the enemy king into a stalemated position, then bring the other knight over to checkmate. Under some circumstances, two knights and a king can force checkmate against a king and pawn (or rarely more pawns). It is sometimes possible to force checkmate with two knights against a pawn, because in some positions, having a pawn removes this stalemate defence. ![]() The defender's task is easy - he simply has to avoid moving into a position in which he can be checkmated on the next move, and he always has another move available in such situations (Speelman, Tisdall & Wade 1993:11). It is impossible to force checkmate with a king and two knights, although checkmate positions are possible (see the first diagram). White doesn’t even need his king to keep the black monarch imprisoned. Here, Ka8 allows checkmate, but Kc8 avoids it. Bishop and knight create a barrier, keeping the enemy king confined to six squares in the favorable corner. Ba4 Bd6 13.If black makes a mistake, checkmate is possible. Instead of 6.c6, Black can also try 6.Bd7, which leaves White with a relatively devalued pawn plus (doubled pawns on d2 and d5) and in the long run White can find it difficult to hold onto the extra pawn on d5, but the downside for Black is that White tends to get a larger share of the piece play in that variation and White may have greater chances of a theoretical edge. Stars Ensemble - Yumenosaki Dream Stars (lyrics) Asyiqin98 Creator. Whilst two knights cannot force checkmate (with the help of their king) against a lone king, a decrease in material advantage allowing the defending king to. ![]() When I checkmated using two Knights (2014) chess. Two Knights checkmate in the Vienna, 93 accuracy. I get the impression that Black is able to get full compensation for the pawn without much difficulty. Checkmate with the Queen and Two Knights. However, Black has the refinement 10.Bc5, encouraging 11.c3 (threatening a pawn fork with b2-b4) and then playing 11.Bd6, with the idea that White's extra tempo with c2-c3 makes it difficult for White to carry out the plan with b3 and Bb2. White has a challenging plan starting with 13.b3, intending Bb2 putting pressure on Black's kingside, and I am not convinced that Black can get full compensation for the pawn against this. ![]() However, the weaker side is not likely to do so, as there will always be the option to walk away from the corner. A self-mate exists, but can only happen if the weaker side’s King walks into a corner square (a1, a8, h1, h8) in a given situation. The traditional main line then continues 9.e4 10.Ne5 Bd6 11.d4 exd3 12.Nxd3 Qc7.īlack is a long way ahead in development, and White's kingside lacks defenders for the time being, but White retains the extra pawn. In fact, it’s impossible to force a checkmate with two Knights against a King. Bxh3, as White can shore up the kingside using the light-squared bishop, and should instead play around the knight) and 9.Nf3. 8.Bd3!? has been tried at grandmaster level in recent years, with the idea of playing c3 and Bc2 (then Mark Ginsburg's recommendation 8.Ng4 is a strong reply), but the main line is 8.Be2 h6 and then White chooses between 9.Nh3 (after which Black should generally avoid the temptation to play. Instead the usual continuation is 6.Bb5+ c6 7.dxc6 bxc6, whereupon White can pin Black's c6-pawn with 8.Qf3, but Black has three strong responses in 8.Rb8, 8.Be7 and 8.h6. I have chosen an illustrative game featuring David Bronstein's interesting piece sacrifice 8.dxe4 Nxc4, securing two pawns and a strong mass of central pawns, which may be White's best practical chance following the inferior 6.d3, but it should not really provide enough compensation. White can consider 6.d3, defending the bishop on c4, but this doesn't offer White much after 6.h6 7.Nf3 e4. However, White can generally maintain the extra pawn, which leaves the chances dynamically equal in most cases. Black will then try to force concessions from White through active piece play, and in some lines can consider launching a kingside pawn storm during the middlegame. h7-h6, and playing active developing moves. The main downside of this continuation is that Black's knight can end up largely shut out of play on a5, but the upside is that Black can usually accumulate a large lead in development by kicking the g5-knight away with. With 5.Na5, Black counterattacks against the bishop on c4. The main line is of sufficient importance to warrant its own separate page.
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Text editor for python2/11/2023 ![]() ![]() IDLE lacks any project management facilities, but that’s no problem if your project spans only a handful of files. ![]() IDLE supports using spaces or tabs for indentation, and can automagically convert between the two – plus it can indent multiple lines at a time. Your code will be appropriately highlighted and automatically indented, with a configurable indent level. Moving on from here you can open a new window to start coding proper. You can play around with code snippets here, with the bonus that keywords and output will be nicely colored. Starting IDLE will open a Python shell, just as you get when starting Python from the terminal. It’s coded in Python and uses the lightweight tkinter toolkit to draw its GUI. IDLE (named after Monty Python's Eric Idle) is fairly minimal compared to some of the other offerings around, but it has everything you need and certainly won't get in your way. It's easy to overlook IDLE, Python's very own bespoke Integrated Development Environment. Read our full Atom review (opens in new tab). The project view is helpful once you start to dabble with bigger projects and you are free to split the panels of the interface to suit your fancy. But even on a modest system it runs fine and all the functionality Atom provides means that it’s well worth the space investment.ĭespite all its features, Atom has a clean interface and is much more beginner-friendly than you'd expect. ![]() Coders who prefer their apps to be lightweight will balk at the 400MB (including its dependencies) install footprint and should look elsewhere. This offering is based on the electron framework, so Atom is cross-platform, but also has a not inconsiderable memory footprint. Several thousand other packages are available, but Python coders looking for a more efficient workflow would do well to seek out a script package. As well as built-in Git and GitHub integration, Atom allows you to collaborate on coding projects in real-time via the Teletype package. And if it can't, then someone's almost certainly working on a plugin to address that.Ītom has its own comprehensive package manager, and a huge community working on packages for it. More advanced features might include code suggestions, a debugger, and integration with online repositories.Ītom is a customizable text editor maintained by social coding megalith GitHub, so as you'd expect it can do pretty much anything you can imagine. Whichever Python IDE you choose to run with, at a minimum you'll want an application that does syntax highlighting, code-folding and bracket-matching, has some awareness of the constituent source files of a project, and can run the code you're working on. As programming is an increasingly important business sector, especially for cloud services as well as general business applications (opens in new tab), there are also paid-for tools that aim to offer more. There is a surprising amount of choice out there, and the open source (opens in new tab) mentality that underpins a lot of the coding community also applies here, so there are quite a number of free tools available. Additionally, some IDE's have limits on how much code you can use, though are often free to compensate, while paid-for IDE's allow for much more freedom. While very simple programs don't require specialist tools, once past that stage some form of IDE becomes necessary, but there are a number of different types and some are better at supporting some languages than others. An Integrated Development Environment (IDE) allows you to run programming code written in different programming languages, and having an IDE to run Python is important due to Python's increasingly popular use across a range of computing and scientific applications, underlined by the rise of analytics and business intelligence (opens in new tab). Goldfish aquarium prolific2/11/2023 ![]() Fancy goldfish on the other hand, usually only grow to a maximum length of 8 inches (20 cm), and will usually live for around 10 years – though several varieties have much shorter life spans. Common goldfish, comets and shubunkin will grow much larger and generally have longer life spans than fancy goldfish.Ī few very large common goldfish have been recorded at lengths exceeding 18 inches (45 cm), and can easily live more than 20 years in a home aquarium. It should come as no surprise that there are big differences in both life span and size for common and fancy goldfish. 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Nebela tincta protists2/10/2023 ![]() Quatern Sci Rev 23:137–143Ĭharman DJ, Caseldine C, Baker A, Gearey B, Hatton J, Proctor C (2001) Paleohydrological records from peat profiles and speleothems in Sutherland, northwest Scotland. Quatern Sci Rev 20:1753–1764Ĭharman DJ, Brown AD, Hendon D, Karofeld E (2004) Testing the relationship between Holocene peatland palaeoclimate reconstructions and instrumental data at two European sites. J Royal Soc NZ 27:465–483Ĭharman DJ (2001) Biostratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental applications of testate amoebae. Acta Protozool 30:49–53Ĭharman DJ (1997) Modelling hydrological relationships of testate amoebae (Protozoa: Rhizopoda) on New Zealand peatlands. Acta Protozool 28:31–34Ĭhardez D (1991) The Genus Cyphoderia Schlumberger, 1845 (Protozoa, Rhizopoda, Testacea). 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J Paleolimnol 19:309–328īuttler A, Warner BG, Grosvernier P, Matthey Y (1996) Vertical patterns of testate amoebae (Protozoa: Rhizopoda) and peat forming vegetation on cutover bogs in the Jura, Switzerland. Allen University Press, Lawrence, Kansas, pp 158–211īurbidge SM, Schröder-Adams CJ (1998) Thecamoebians in Lake Winnipeg: a tool for Holocene paleolimnology. In: Lee JJ, Hutner SH, Bovee EC (eds) An illustrated guide to the protozoa. Quatern Res 61:1–13īovee EC (1985) Class Lobosea Carpenter, 1861. The Holocene 13:863–876īooth RK, Jackson ST, Gray CED (2004) Paleoecology and high-resolution paleohydrology of a kettle peatland in upper Michigan. J Paleolimnol 28:329–348īooth RK, Jackson ST (2003) A high resolution record of late-Holocene moisture variability from a Michigan raised bog, USA. Wetlands 21:564–576īooth RK (2002) Testate amoebae as paleoindicators of surface-moisture changes on Michigan peatlands: modern ecology and hydrological calibration. ![]() Mushroom Sci 10:1013–1038īooth RK (2001) Ecology of testate amoebae (Protozoa) in two lake superior coastal wetlands: implications for paleoecology and environmental monitoring. In: Communication de la 16ème Réunion du Groupement des Protistologues de Langue Française, 21 ppīonnet L (1979) Thécamoebiens Rhizopoda Testacea et potentialités truffières des sols. Bulletin de la Société d’Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse 93:529–543īonnet L (1977) Thécamoebiens et potentialités truffières des sols. Comptes rendus de l’academie des sciences Série II Fascicule a- Sciences de la Terre et des planetes 325:623–627īonnet L (1958) Les thécamoebiens des Bouillouses. Acta Protozool 43:133–146īoeuf O, Gilbert D (1997) Presence of testate amoebae (genus:Trinema), in the Upper Pliocene, discovered in the locality of Chilhac (Haute-Loire, France). Protist 150:125–136īobrov AA, Mazei Y (2004) Morphological variability of testate amoebae (Rhizopoda: Testacealobosea: Testaceafilosea) in natural populations. Quatern Sci Rev 24:1261–1277īobrov AA, Charman DJ, Warner BG (1999) Ecology of testate amoebae (Protozoa: Rhizopoda) on peatlands in western Russia with special attention to niche separation in closely related taxa. Polar Biol 6:197–205īlundell A, Barber K (2005) A 2800-year palaeoclimatic record from Tore Hill Moss, Strathspey, Scotland: the need for a multi-proxy approach to peat-based climate reconstructions. Arch Protistenkd 146:219–233īeyens L, Chardez D, Delandtsheer R, Debaere D (1986) Testate amoebae communities from aquatic habitats in the Arctic. Polar Res 5:165–169īeyens L, Chardez D (1995) An annotated list of testate amoebae observed in the Arctic between the longitudes 27 degrees E and 168 degrees W. Acta Protozool 30:5–11īeyens L, Chardez D (1987) Evidence from testate amoebae for changes in some local hydrological conditions between c. Balik V (1991) The effect of the road traffic pollution on the communities of testate amoebae (Rhizopoda, Testacea) in Warsaw (Poland). AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |